FMJ vs JHP: What's the Difference and When to Use Each
February 2, 2026 · AmmoBin.com
FMJ and JHP are the two bullet types you'll buy most. They look similar but do opposite jobs. Here is the simple difference and when to use each.
FMJ — Full Metal Jacket
FMJ bullets have a lead core fully encased in a copper jacket. They do not expand, they penetrate deeply, and they are cheaper to make. FMJ is the standard choice for practice and range training.
JHP — Jacketed Hollow Point
JHP bullets have a hollow cavity in the tip designed to expand on impact. Expansion increases effectiveness and reduces over-penetration, which is why JHP is the standard for self-defense. It costs more than FMJ.
The smart-money approach
Practice with cheap FMJ, carry quality JHP of the same weight so recoil matches. Compare prices for both on any caliber page like 9mm, and learn how weight plays in via our grain explained guide.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between FMJ and JHP?
FMJ (full metal jacket) doesn't expand and is for practice; JHP (jacketed hollow point) expands on impact and is for self-defense.
Can I use FMJ for self-defense?
It's not ideal — FMJ over-penetrates and doesn't expand. Use JHP for defense and save FMJ for the range.
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